NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

                                                NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

  (Meaning, Scope & Indicators, Role of Education in National Development)

“National development refers to the ability of a country or countries to improve the social welfare of the people, for example, by providing social amenities like good education, infrastructure, medical care and social services.”

                                                                                                Braddell

“ The foundation of National Development is the development-especially development in social, political, economic, emotional, linguistic and cultural fields”

                                                                                                H.G Johnson

When all the forces and factors endeavor to provide a unity in the integration of national actions and challenges which encourages the people to meet their aspirations and goals related to their personal and social benefits which willingly or unknowingly geared to the national progress is known as National Development.

According to Kothari Commission (1964-66) National Development lies in

a)     Confidence in nation

b)     Continuous rise in standard of living of masses

c)      Reduction of unemployment

d)     Equal opportunities for social, political and economic development

e)     Good and impartial administration

f)       Mutual understanding and sense of co-operation amongst masses

Scope & Indicators of National Development

Scope refers to the range of perceptions, thoughts, or actions and Breadth or opportunity to function.

Education      

Political Development

Moral Development

Cultural Development                                                                       Indicators and Scope

Religious Development

Economical Development

Technological Development

BARRIERS in National Development

1. Casteism:

Caste is an imported part of our social fabric. This was developed in the past on the basis of division of labour in the society. But now casteism has segregated the society. Unity and integrity has become a dream in a caste ridden society. The feeling of socially neglected scheduled castes under the suppression of upper caste ruined the sense of we feeling and unity. It becomes a problem for national Development.

2. Communalism:

Religions antagonism has posed a serious challenge to national Development . Political manipulation has projected one religion against the other which resulted in communal riot, bloodbath, mutual, distrust and disintegration of the country. Large scale illiteracy and superstition are responsible along with other causes for raise communalism in the country. It is very difficult to promote national Development under these situations.

3. Linguistic Fanaticism:

Multi-linguism is one of the important characters .e.g. in India it has fifteen officially recognized languages. There are about 1652 languages are spoken in India which shows its diversities. There is conflict and riots on the languages issue. People of one language try to establish their language over others. When Hindi was declared as the national language people of South India resented against this decision supporting English language. Language issue became a barrier on the way of national Development

4. Regionalism:

Each regional differs from the other in one or other ways which leads to disintegration of the country. People of one region compete with the person of other regions which leads to conflict and riots. Land dispute, language problem are some of the reasons which pose hurdle on the way of national Development

5. Social Disparity:

Social disparity among the people of different communities, castes and sometime within the community and caste causes tension and imbalance among the people. Social disparity poses great challenge to national Development

6. Economic Inequalities:

Economic standard of people in a state depends on the fertility of land, resources available and manpower management. All the states are not equal in the above matter which leads to economic backwardness of the people. Even in a state distribution of wealth is not properly done. Day by day poor becoming poorer and rich become richest this causes tension and conflict. It is a problem for national Development

7. Unemployement

8. Illiteracy

9. Poverty

10. Educational Disparaties

11. Ignorance

12. Religious Fanaticism

13. Racism

14. Frustrated Youth

15. Economic Differences

16. Lack of National Character

Role Of Education in National Development

Modern and ancient Philosophers have supported the notion of national development and advocated that education is the most powerful force in developing national development.

1. HRD

2. Emotional Integration

3. Technological Advancements

4. Technical Education

5. Fostering Positive attitude

6. Employment

7. Job oriented Education

8. Removing Illiteracy

9. Educated Elite

10. National Outlook

11. Inculcate Cooperative Responsibility

12. Practical use of Knowledge

13. Strengthen Democratic Principles

14.  Acquaintance with one’s talents and virtues