NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
(Meaning, Scope & Indicators, Role of Education
in National Development)
“National development refers to the ability of a
country or countries to improve the social welfare of the people, for example,
by providing social amenities like good education, infrastructure, medical care
and social services.”
Braddell
“
The foundation of National Development is the development-especially
development in social, political, economic, emotional, linguistic and cultural
fields”
H.G Johnson
When
all the forces and factors endeavor to provide a unity in the integration of
national actions and challenges which encourages the people to meet their
aspirations and goals related to their personal and social benefits which willingly
or unknowingly geared to the national progress is known as National
Development.
According
to Kothari Commission (1964-66) National Development lies in
a)
Confidence
in nation
b)
Continuous
rise in standard of living of masses
c)
Reduction
of unemployment
d)
Equal
opportunities for social, political and economic development
e)
Good
and impartial administration
f)
Mutual
understanding and sense of co-operation amongst masses
Scope & Indicators of National Development
Scope
refers to the range of perceptions, thoughts, or actions and Breadth or
opportunity to function.
Education
Political
Development
Moral
Development
Cultural
Development Indicators
and Scope
Religious
Development
Economical
Development
Technological
Development
BARRIERS in National Development
1. Casteism:
Caste is
an imported part of our social fabric. This was developed in the past on the
basis of division of labour in the society. But now casteism has segregated the
society. Unity and integrity has become a dream in a caste ridden society. The
feeling of socially neglected scheduled castes under the suppression of upper
caste ruined the sense of we feeling and unity. It becomes a problem for
national Development.
2. Communalism:
Religions
antagonism has posed a serious challenge to national Development . Political manipulation
has projected one religion against the other which resulted in communal riot,
bloodbath, mutual, distrust and disintegration of the country. Large scale
illiteracy and superstition are responsible along with other causes for raise communalism
in the country. It is very difficult to promote national Development under these situations.
3. Linguistic Fanaticism:
Multi-linguism
is one of the important characters .e.g. in India it has fifteen officially
recognized languages. There are about 1652 languages are spoken in India which
shows its diversities. There is conflict and riots on the languages issue.
People of one language try to establish their language over others. When Hindi
was declared as the national language people of South India resented against
this decision supporting English language. Language issue became a barrier on
the way of national Development
4. Regionalism:
Each
regional differs from the other in one or other ways which leads to
disintegration of the country. People of one region compete with the person of
other regions which leads to conflict and riots. Land dispute, language problem
are some of the reasons which pose hurdle on the way of national Development
5. Social Disparity:
Social
disparity among the people of different communities, castes and sometime within
the community and caste causes tension and imbalance among the people. Social
disparity poses great challenge to national Development
6. Economic Inequalities:
Economic
standard of people in a state depends on the fertility of land, resources
available and manpower management. All the states are not equal in the above
matter which leads to economic backwardness of the people. Even in a state
distribution of wealth is not properly done. Day by day poor becoming poorer
and rich become richest this causes tension and conflict. It is a problem for
national Development
7. Unemployement
8. Illiteracy
9. Poverty
10. Educational Disparaties
11. Ignorance
12. Religious Fanaticism
13. Racism
14. Frustrated Youth
15. Economic Differences
16. Lack of National Character
Role Of Education in National Development
Modern and ancient Philosophers have
supported the notion of national development and advocated that education is
the most powerful force in developing national development.
1.
HRD
2.
Emotional Integration
3.
Technological Advancements
4.
Technical Education
5.
Fostering Positive attitude
6.
Employment
7.
Job oriented Education
8.
Removing Illiteracy
9.
Educated Elite
10.
National Outlook
11.
Inculcate Cooperative Responsibility
12.
Practical use of Knowledge
13.
Strengthen Democratic Principles
14. Acquaintance with one’s talents and virtues
